Bio or Synthetic? Clearing Up the Confusion About Biosynthetic
The term “biosynthetic” might seem contradictory, but what does it really mean? Let’s debunk some common myths and clarify the role of biosynthetics in the textile industry.
What Are Biosynthetics?
Since the early 2000s, the term “biosynthetics” has been used to describe synthetic fibers derived from biological sources. As the textile industry works to move away from fossil-based materials, biosynthetics present a viable alternative. However, misconceptions persist—let’s address five key myths.
Myth #1: “Synthetic” Always Means Non-Natural
Wrong. Biosynthetics are bio-based polymer fibers derived wholly or partially from renewable sources like sugar beet, sugarcane, or wood. They are a strong alternative to fossil-based fibers, offering similar performance and technical properties while reducing environmental impact.
Myth #2: Biosynthetics Can Be Made from Recycled Plastic Bottles
Wrong. Plastic bottles are made from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), a polyester that is primarily fossil-based, though some versions contain bio-based components. PET bottles can be recycled into polyester fibers, but this is not biosynthetic—it is called “recycled polyester.” Recycled PET accounts for 14% of global polyester use, mainly sourced from plastic bottles.
Myth #3: Biosynthetics Are Always Biodegradable
Wrong. A material’s biodegradability depends on its polymer structure, not its source. Some biosynthetics can biodegrade, but others are designed for durability. However, biosynthetics can be fully recycled into virgin fibers, creating a closed-loop system that reduces waste.
Myth #4: Biosynthetics Are Not Available in Large Quantities
✅ False! Biosynthetics are part of the bio-based polymer sector, which had an installed capacity of over 4 million tonnes in 2023. Of this, more than 1 million tonnes were biosynthetics. With ongoing innovation, biosynthetics have the scalability needed to support the textile industry’s shift toward sustainability.
Myth #5: Biosynthetics Are Always Better Than Polyester
⚖️ It Depends. Polyester is a broad class of polymers, and biosynthetic polyesters can match fossil-based versions in performance. While certain biosynthetics have a lower environmental impact, making a blanket statement that all biosynthetics are superior would be misleading.
Join the Discussion at Cellulose Fibres Conference 2025!
Want to explore the future of biosynthetics? Join the Cellulose Fibres Conference 2025 on March 12-13! Experts will discuss the latest advancements and challenges in replacing traditional synthetics with biosynthetics.
